Is it necessary to expose the gonads to cause genetic effects from ionizing radiation?

The statement is false. Genetic effects from ionizing radiation do not require direct exposure of the gonads. Genetic damage can occur in germ cells as a result of systemic exposure to radiation, which may affect reproductive cells regardless of whether those cells are directly irradiated. The genetic effects stem from changes in DNA and chromosome integrity caused by radiation and can be passed on to future generations if the damage occurs in the germline cells (sperm or eggs). Even if the gonads themselves are shielded or not directly exposed, if the individual is exposed to ionizing radiation in other parts of the body, the biological effects may still affect the reproductive cells due to the body's overall cellular response to the damage and the potential for repair or mutation processes to take place.