Which one of the following is the greatest genetic concern in terms of exposure to ionizing radiation?

The greatest genetic concern regarding exposure to ionizing radiation primarily revolves around mutations that accumulate in the gonads. This is because the gonads (ovaries and testes) are the reproductive organs that produce gametes, which are responsible for passing genetic information to the next generation. Ionizing radiation has the potential to cause damage to the DNA in these cells, leading to mutations.

When mutations occur in the gonads, they can be passed on to offspring, raising the risk of hereditary genetic disorders or developmental anomalies in future generations. Even low levels of exposure can have significant implications for population health over time, as these mutations can accumulate and lead to broader genetic variability and potential health issues.

Understanding this risk associated with gonadal mutations helps in evaluating the long-term impact of radiation exposure on human health, particularly in populations that might be exposed to radiological hazards.